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Plan Guide

Metal Tier Guide

ACA plans are organized into metal tiers based on how costs are shared between you and the insurance company. Here's what each tier means.

The Key Concept: Actuarial Value

Each metal tier has an actuarial value (AV) — the percentage of average healthcare costs the plan pays. You pay the rest through deductibles, copays, and coinsurance.

57%
Catastrophic
60%
Bronze
70%
Silver
80%
Gold
90%
Platinum

Higher metal tier = higher premiums but lower out-of-pocket costs when you use care. Lower metal tier = lower premiums but higher costs when you need healthcare.

Each Tier Explained

CatastrophicCovers ~~57% of costs
Catastrophic Plans
Best for: Healthy people under 30 (or with hardship exemption)

Monthly Premium

Lowest

Typical Deductible

Very High (~$9,450)

Plan Pays

~57% of costs

Pros

  • Lowest monthly premiums
  • Covers 3 free primary care visits
  • Free preventive care

Cons

  • Very high deductible
  • No subsidy eligibility
  • Only for under-30 or exempt
BronzeCovers ~60% of costs
Bronze Plans
Best for: Healthy people who want low monthly costs and rarely use healthcare

Monthly Premium

Low

Typical Deductible

High ($6,000-$8,000)

Plan Pays

60% of costs

Pros

  • Low monthly premiums
  • Subsidy eligible
  • Good for emergencies
  • Some HSA-eligible options

Cons

  • High out-of-pocket when you use care
  • Must meet deductible before most coverage
  • Can be expensive if you get sick
SilverCovers ~70% of costs
Silver Plans
Best for: Most people, especially those qualifying for CSR (Cost-Sharing Reductions)

Monthly Premium

Moderate

Typical Deductible

Moderate ($2,500-$5,000)

Plan Pays

70% of costs

Pros

  • Balanced cost and coverage
  • CSR available if income <250% FPL
  • Subsidy benchmark plan
  • More predictable costs

Cons

  • Higher premiums than Bronze
  • Still has meaningful deductible
  • CSR only at lower incomes
GoldCovers ~80% of costs
Gold Plans
Best for: People who use healthcare regularly and want predictable costs

Monthly Premium

Higher

Typical Deductible

Low ($1,000-$2,000)

Plan Pays

80% of costs

Pros

  • Lower deductible
  • Lower copays
  • Better for frequent care
  • More coverage before deductible

Cons

  • Higher monthly premiums
  • May overpay if you stay healthy
  • Fewer plan options in some areas
PlatinumCovers ~90% of costs
Platinum Plans
Best for: People with ongoing health needs or who want maximum coverage

Monthly Premium

Highest

Typical Deductible

Very Low ($0-$500)

Plan Pays

90% of costs

Pros

  • Lowest out-of-pocket costs
  • Minimal deductible
  • Most predictable expenses
  • Best for chronic conditions

Cons

  • Highest monthly premiums
  • Not available in all areas
  • May not be worth it if healthy

Quick Decision Guide

Choose Bronze or Silver if...
  • ✓ You're generally healthy
  • ✓ You rarely visit the doctor
  • ✓ You want lower monthly costs
  • ✓ You have savings for emergencies
  • ✓ You mainly need coverage for "what ifs"
Choose Gold or Platinum if...
  • ✓ You have ongoing health conditions
  • ✓ You take expensive medications
  • ✓ You visit doctors frequently
  • ✓ You want predictable costs
  • ✓ You're planning a major procedure

💡 Pro tip: If your income is below 250% of FPL, consider Silver plans. You may qualify for Cost-Sharing Reductions (CSR) that effectively turn a Silver plan into a Gold or Platinum plan at Silver prices!